SARDANAPALUS

SARDANAPALUS
SARDANAPALUS
Assyriis Thonos Concoleros, A. M. 3215. secundum quosdam, 3158. secundum alios, ultimus Assyriorum rex, tricessmus a Nino, omni libidinis mollitieique genere effeminatissimus: adeo, ut non erubuerit inter scortorum greges nere, et muliebri habitu feminas omnes lasciviâ anteire. Quamobrem indignum rati Assyrii tali feminae parere, duce Arbace desciscentes bellum Sardanapalo intulerunt. Qui victus in regiam se recepit; et exstructâ pyrâ, rebusque omnibus carissimis eo congestis se ipsum una cum regia combussit, Herodot. An. 3178. an 3234? Sicque finem Assyriorum regno imposuit. Hunc regem Ninives fuisse nonnulli credunt, ad quem Ionas Propheta missus. Vide Iustinum l. 1. c. 3. Diodor. Sic. l. 1. Bibl. Athen. l. 12. Euseb. in Chron. Troniel. et Salian. in Annal. Vet Testam Petavium, Scaligerum, Calvisum, etc. Cicer. l. 5. Tusc. Qu. c. 35. Quomodo igitur iucunda vita potest esse, a quâ absit prudentia, absit moderatio? Ex quo Sardanapali opulentissimi Syriae regis error agnoscitur, qui incidi iussit in busto:
Haec habeo quae edi, quaeque exsaturata libido
Hausit, at illa iacent multa ac praeclara relicta.
Quid aliud (inquit Aristoteles) in bovis, non in regis sepulchro inscriberes? Haec habere se mortuum dicit, quae ne vivus quidem diutius habebat, quam fruebatur. Idem ad Atticum l. 10. Ep. 8. Ni forte me Sardanapali vice in suo lectulo mori malle censueris. Ovidius in Ibin. v. 311.
Inque pyram tecum carissima corpora mittas,
Quem finem vitae Sardanapalus habet.
Iuvenalis Sat. 10. extr. qualis animus exposcendus a Diis, monstans:
Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, et potiores
Herculis aeumnas credat, saevosque labores,
Et Venere, et caenis, et plumis Sardanapali.
Vide Maxim. Tyrium Dissertat. 29. extr. et Scholiasten Aristoph. Epitaphium eius Graece sic retulit Clemens sub finem l. 2. Stromatum:
Ταῦτ᾿ ἔχω ὁςς᾿ ἔφαγον, καὶ ἐφύβρισα, καὶ μετ᾿ ἔρωτος
Τερπ᾿ ἔπαθον, τὰ δὲ πολλὰ καὶ ὄλβια κεῖνα λέλειπται.
Καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ ςθόδος εῖμὶ Νίνου μεγάλης βασιλεύσας.
Athenaeus tamen l. 12. aliam inscriptionem fuisse monumenti Sardanapali indicat, ex qua apparet, ipsum minime fuisse ignavum; illam nimirum: Σαρδανάπαλος Α᾿νακυνδαράξεω Α᾿τχιἀλην ἔδειμε, καὶ Ταρσὸν μιῇ ἡμέρῃ, ἀλλὰ νυν̑ τέθνηκεν. Eusebii codices MSS. Sardanapallum vocant, ut observat magnus Scalig. qui putat hoc nomen in obscenam notam a Graecis detortum. Nam παλλὸς idem quod φαλλός Quo sine dubio respexit Cicero l. 3. de Rep. Sardanapallus ille vitiis multo, quam ipso nomine deformior. Invenitur etiam apud Hesychium: Σαρδανάπαλα, ἀλλοῖα, ubi restituendum arbitror αἰδοῖα. Pro vulgata lectione stant Strabo, Diodor. aliique vetusti historici. Et, ut recte idem Scaliger monet, Sardanapalus est Assyriacum Sardan pal, posteriorque vocula legitur etiam in nomine Regis Tiglathpalesar. Nic. Lloydius.

Hofmann J. Lexicon universale. 1698.

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